DME ( DISTANCE MEASURING EQUIPMENT (DME)

DME principle is like SSR RADAR but invert of this. Provide information of range/distance of the aircraft to the DME station. Frequency range 960 - 1215 MHz. Aircraft Transmits interrogate pulse and the ground DME station responds on interogate freq.+/- 63 MHz after preset delay.

Aircraft receiver calculates slant range from the replay.

Aircraft transmit pulsed interogation. Ground station replies after 50 microseconds. Elapsed this time is appropriately converted into a distance for display. [Time in microseconds - 50/12.359 = slant range in NM]

STEALTH BOOMBER

The term "stealt" is commonly applied to aircraft or missile systems that have been designed to produce as small a radar signature as is praticable. In fact, stealttechnology goes beyond this to include reducing as many "observables" of an aircraft or missile system as possible-for example,its visual, noise, and heaat signature, as well as its electromagnetic ones. Stealth technology is applicable to other system as well, particularly to ship design. Overall, while the term"stealth"is convenient shorthand, a more precise and - all encompassing term used in the military community is low observables.

Development of he firs stealth aircraft encouraged the development of the Northrop B-2 stealth boober(which entered air force service in december 1993), and an advance stealthly creise missile, the General Dinamics AGM-129. Stealt is an important development in military aerospace, for itrenders an aircraft or missile dificult to detect, an virtually impossible to track, engage, and distroy. The success of these early stealth efforts has spawned interest both in countr-stealth studies and in a variety of other stealth designs. But as of this writing, only the United State prossesses stealth aircraft and missiles in operational service

How Does a Plane Fly??

Bernoulli's Principle:

"For an inviscid flow, an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure"

Explanation:

The wing is shaped like an aerofoil. This control how efficient the whole operation is. Air traveling over and under the wing of an airplane is deflected downwards and causes it to be lifted.This is Known as aerodynamics. Air traveling over the curved upper surface of the wing moves fast. This air becomes lw pressure.The air travelling under wing become far less then the oressure under the wing, and the airplane over the wing becomes far less then the pressure under the wing, and the airplane is lifted up.

When the air moves fast enough over the top of the wing, due to centrifugal force, it is lifted up off of the top hump of the wing, creating an area of low pressure below that. Again, that low pressure is created because the centrifugal force of the air flowing over the top of the wing cases it to lift up for a second over the top hump of the wing, creating low pressure below it.

Newton's Third Law

"For every action, there is an equal and oppsite reaction"

Explaination:

There is a large amount of air being forced down by the wings. After the air flow over the top of wing, due to the shape of the wing, that air also flows downwards, creating an upward force onthe wing .Thus, the opposite force would be the air keeping the airplane up

ILS (INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM)

ILS (Instument Landig System) is a ground-based instrument approach system that provides precision guidence to an aircraft approaching and landing on a runway, using a combination of radio signals and, in many cases, high -intensity lighting arrays to enable a safe landing during instrument meteorological condition (IMC), suh as low ceillings or reduced visibility due to fog, rain, or blowing snow

ILS facilities are a high accurate and dependable means of navigating to runway in IFR condition. When using ILS, the pilot determines aircraft position primarily by reference to instrument. The system may be devided functionally into three parts:

a. LOCALIZER - Guidance information to centreline runway

b. GLDEPATH - Guidence information of landing angle

c. MARKER - Provide Range information From Threshold